Should nations intervene in other countries to prevent famine or ensure human rights? Is it ever right to go to war? On what principles should immigration policies be based? Who should pay to avoid global environmental problems like global warming? Should wealthy states provide foreign aid to the poor - and how much is enough? Is the possession of nuclear weapons morally acceptable? This course will introduce you to different traditions of moral thought in order to provide you with the tools to make reasoned judgments about difficult moral problems in global politics. This course emphasizes careful reading and thoughtful analysis, and one session per week will be devoted to a thorough seminar discussion of assigned readings.

After engaging in such moral analysis, we may think we know what should be done on various issues; but we also need to ask: so what? Thinking about solutions does not necessarily make them happen, and the actual state of world politics may not look the way we think it should. Indeed, many of the problems of global politics seem so enormous that we may feel we cannot possibly do anything about them. Thus we will analyze whether morality affects how the world turns out, and if so how?

A full understanding of the limits and possibilities of moral change in world politics involves not just analysis but also participation as a member of global civil society. To that end, this course includes an optional project for the term assignment to put your moral reasoning into practice by becoming engaged as an active participant in an issue of global significance. Examples could include doing research as an intern for an international non-governmental organization (such as Human Rights Watch or the International Campaign to Ban Landmines), organizing a campus event on an international issue, or raising funds for an international cause. I have organized some project possibilities but they are limited, so interested students are encouraged to contact me early in the quarter and develop their own project ideas. Students are also encouraged to take advantage of the 4-12 credit internship opportunities offered by the Political Science Department (Pol 3070) as a follow-up to 3873. Internship opportunities related to the course will be identified by the instructor and students are encouraged to use this class as a springboard to identify and pursue their own internship possibilities.

Students must complete all of the required weekly readings as preparation for discussion sections. For each discussion section each student is required to be prepared to contribute at least three comments and/or questions about the readings.

Student evaluation is based upon active and informed participation in the discussion sections, an analytic paper that requires a revision, a final essay exam, and either a 8-10 page research paper or a student project designed in consultation with the instructor.

Participation: 20%
Analytic Paper: 20%
First Draft: (10%) - Due Wednesday, April 14
Final Revision:(10%) - Due Monday, May 3
Term Assignment: 25%. Students choose ONE of the following:
1) 7-10 Page Research Paper: Topic statement due Friday May 7, paper due Monday May 24.
OR
2) Student Participatory Project Designed in Consultation with Instructor. Project must be approved by Friday April 23.
Final Exam: 35%. 10:30-12:30 Wednesday June 9.

Late papers will be penalized 5% per day. Make-up exams or incompletes will only be given for documented emergencies.

Articles on the reading list marked by an asterisk (*) are in a two-part Course Reader available for purchase in the bookstore. Be sure to purchase both volumes of the Course Reader. The following required book is also available in the bookstore for purchase and is on reserve in Wilson Library:

Charles Beitz, et.al. (eds.), International Ethics.
.

Required:
* George Kennan, "Morality and Foreign Policy," Foreign Affairs 64 (1985/86), pp.205-218.
* Steven Forde, "Classical Realism," in Nardin and Mapel, Traditions of International Ethics, pp.62-84.
* Jack Donnelly, "Twentieth-Century Realism," in Nardin and Mapel, Traditions of International Ethics, pp.85-111.
Recommended:
Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince, especially chapters 3, 6-8, 15-18.

** Paper #1 **
Peter Singer, "Famine, Affluence and Morality," pp.247-261 in International Ethics.

Required:
* Vaclav Havel, "Politics, Morality, and Civility," pp.1-20 in Summer Meditations (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1992).
* David Halloran Lumsdaine, Moral Vision in World Politics (Princeton University Press, 1993), pp.3-29.
Recommended:
Marshal Cohen, "Moral Skepticism and International Relations," pp.3-50 in Beitz et.al., International Ethics.

Required:
* Anthony Ellis, "Utilitarianism and International Ethics," pp.158-179 in Nardin and Mapel (eds.), Traditions of International Ethics.
* Thomas Donaldson, "Kant's Global Rationalism," pp.136-157 in Nardin and Mapel (eds.) Traditions of International Ethics.
Recommended:
Onora O'Neill, "Kantian Ethics," pp.175-185 in Peter Singer (ed.) A Companion to Ethics (Blackwell, 1991).
Nancy Davis, "Contemporary Deontology," pp.205-218 in Peter Singer (ed.) A Companion to Ethics (Blackwell, 1991).

** Paper #2 **
* Garrett Hardin, "Living on a Lifeboat," pp.167-178 in Jan Narveson (ed.), Moral Issues.

Required:
Onora O'Neill, "Lifeboat Earth," pp.262-281 in International Ethics.

Required:
* R.D. Guthrie, AAnthropocentrism,@ pp.73-79 in James Sterba (ed.), Earth Ethics (Prentice Hall, 1995).
* Bernard Rollin, AEnvironmental Ethics and International Justice,@ pp.114-128 in James Sterba (ed.), Earth Ethics (Prentice Hall, 1995).
* Bill Devall and George Sessions, ADeep Ecology,@ pp.157-165 in James Sterba (ed.), Earth Ethics (Prentice Hall, 1995).
* "It's Immoral to Buy the Right to Pollute," Michael Sandel, New York Times Op-Ed December 15, 1997 & "Emissions Trading Will Lead to Less Pollution," New York Times Letters December 17, 1997.
Recommended:
Jefferson McMahan, "Nuclear Deterrence and Future Generations," in Avner Cohen and Stephen Lee (eds.), Nuclear Weapons and the Future of Humanity pp.331-339.
Thomas Schwartz, "Obligations to Posterity," pp.3-13 in R.I. Sikora and Brian Barry (eds.), Obligations to Future Generations (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1978).
Robert Elliot, "Environmental Ethics," pp.284-293 in Peter Singer (ed.), A Companion to Ethics (Blackwell, 1991).

Required:
Chapters by Michael Walzer and David Luban in International Ethics.

Required:
* Michael Walzer, Just and Unjust Wars, Chapters 16 & 19.
* Stephen Ambrose, "The Bomb: It Was Death or More Death," New York Times, August 5, 1995, A15.
* Jim Holt, "Morality, Reduced to Arithmetic," New York Times, August 5, 1995, A15.
Recommended:
Essays by Nagel, Mavrodes, Fullinwinder and Alexander in International Ethics.
Douglas Lackey, The Ethics of War and Peace (Prentice Hall, 1989).

Required:
* Hans Jonas, "Technology and Responsibility: Reflections on the New Task of Ethics," Social Research 40:1 (spring, 1973), pp.31-54.
* Robert L. Sinsheimer, "Scientists and Research," and Marc Lappé, "Ethics in Biological Warfare Research," pp.71-77 & 78-99 in Susan Wright (ed.), Preventing a Biological Arms Race (MIT Press, 1990).
Recommended:
Hans Bethe, "The Ethical Responsibilities of Scientists," The Center Magazine 16:5 (September/October 1983), pp.2-11.
P.W. Bridgman, "Scientists and Social Responsibility," Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 4:3 (March 1948), pp.69-72.
James Franck, "The Social Task of the Scientist," Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 3:3 (March 1947), p.70.
Edward Teller, "The Two Responsibilities of Scientists," in Len Ackland and Steven McGuire (eds.) Assessing the Nuclear Age (Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, 1986), pp.121-124.

** Paper #3 **

Required:
* Joseph Carens, "Aliens and Citizens: The Case for Open Borders," pp.229-253 in Ronald Beiner (ed.), Theorizing Citizenship (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1995).
Recommended:
Charles Beitz, "Justice and International Relations," pp.282-311 in Beitz, et.al. (eds.), International Ethics.
Commission on Global Governance, "A Global Civic Ethic," pp. 55-67 in Our Global Neighborhood (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995).

Required:
* Robert McElroy, Morality and American Foreign Policy, Chapter 2.